sábado, 11 de junio de 2011

HASTA CUANDO PODREMOS PAGAR LA DEUDA

SEGUN LA INFO DE ESTE ANALISIS, MUY BUENO HECHO POR ESTE GIGANTESCO BANCO, VENEZUELA PODRIA FACILMENTE, CON UN PETROLEO A CIEN DOLARES SEGUIR IGUAL HASTA EL 2017 0 2020, NO ES PURA CASUALIDAD QUE PARA ESTA FECHA ENTREMOS EN UN TUNEL CON UNA ROCA DENTRO, NO UNA LUZ AL FINAL DEL TUNEL. PARECE QUE TODO LO HUBIERAN PLANIFICADO ASI LOS CHAVISTAS, PUES ESA ES LA FECHA QUE HAN MENCIONADO QUE SERA EL FINAL DE CHAVEZ. LO QUE PUEDE CAMBIAR TODO, QUE TAMBIEN COINCIDE CON LA FECHA ES QUE SI EL PETROLEO BAJA LO HARA PARA EL 2017 A MAS TEMPRANO, PUES HAY MUCHO POR HACER PARA COMPLEMENTARLO CON SIGNIFICATIVOS EFECTOS SOBRE IMPORTACIONES DE CRUDO. POR LO TANTO PARECE QUE TENDREMOS CHAVEZ POR UN RATO LARGO. A MENOS QUE TENGA UNA SORPRESA POR LOS PENDEJOS QUE SE DEJAN HACER LAS TRAMPAS EN EL CNE, QUE HAGAN ALGO BUENO PARA IMPEDIR LA TRAMPA QUE VIENE DE SEGURO, MAS SOFISTICADA, PERO VIENE. OJO PELAO.
SALUDOS, NESTOR G RAMIREZ.




ANALISIS DEL UBS BANK SOBRE CAPACIDAD DE PAGO DE VENEZUELA.


UBS Investment ResearchLatin American Economic FocusHow much longer can Venezuela pay itsbills?.. The train at the end of the tunnelThe combination of ballooning public sector debt stocks and declining oil exportvolumes can only lead to an explosive fiscal cocktail. To quantify, if the publicsector continues to issue US$8 billion dollar debt on a net basis per year at say a9% coupon, the resulting increase in dollar interest cost is equivalent to 20,000barrels of exports per day, or nearly 1% of the total. And if oil export volumescontinue to head south and oil prices remain stable, the dollar interest payment/oilexport volumes ratio would increase at a faster rate over time. This erodesVenezuela’s public sector large net long dollar flow position and therefore theeffectiveness of devaluations as a fiscal adjustment mechanism, the country’srecurrent exit strategy to address imbalances. In the absence of policy adjustmentsor ever higher oil prices, we think Venezuela’s fiscal story ends in an accident... How bad?Today’s fiscal situation isn’t bad at all. Key vulnerability indicators remainreasonably solid, comparing quite favourably against better rated credits, andsignificantly more favourably against those observed during the 1980s, the era ofLatin America’s debt crisis. However, their speed of deterioration is rapid, andeventually they will reach levels where ability to pay becomes a serious concern... How soon?Not soon. Venezuela doesn’t face solvency problems. Public sector external debtobligations amount to less than US$10 billion/year over the next several years. Onthe other hand, oil exports amount to more than US$65 billion, of which aroundhalf go to the Central Government and other off-budget government accounts. Wethink default is not around the corner, not even a few blocks away... OK, but when?When we simulate the Venezuelan economy using trends of the last few years asparameters, we find that key vulnerability indicators begin to turn from green toyellow in about five years, right before a spike in amortizations in 2017. Even then,we think the government would still be able to service the debt but not withoutinstilling socially painful measures... So…?We don’t see any policy breakthroughs that could put the country on a moresustainable path any time soon and therefore can’t be positive on the country’sfuture. There are also plenty of downside risks: new bond supply, unfavourablerulings in international courts or costlier US sanctions. That said, Venezuela’s cashflow and balance sheet position suggest that we are at least a few years awaybefore we really need to start worrying about a default in Venezuela. We also findlittle reason for concern about willingness to pay issues. Markets don’t seem toagree with this view. Default probabilities implicit in CDS spreads discountgrimmer scenarios than we are prepared to entertain. For example, 1yr, 2yr and 3yrPDVSA CDS spreads discount default probability of 14%, 25% and 42% over thecorresponding period, respectively. We think this is excessive.Global Economics ResearchLatin AmericaNew York7 June 2011www.ubs.com/economicsJavier KuleszEconomistjavier.kulesz@ubs.com+1-203-719 1603Andre CarvalhoEconomistandre-c.carvalho@ubs.com+55 11 3513-6522Rafael De La FuenteEconomistrafael.delafuente@ubs.com+1 203 719 7127Gustavo ArtetaEconomistgustavo.arteta@ubs.com+1-203 719 5863This report has been prepared by UBS Securities LLCANALYST CERTIFICATION AND REQUIRED DISCLOSURES BEGIN ON PAGE 12.ab.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 2How much longer can Venezuelapay its bills?The train at the end of the tunnelWith Venezuela’s public sector issuing dollar debt a rapid rate, concerns about a default have beenon the rise. The fact that the economy is not growing and the oil sector shrinks can only exacerbatethese concerns. In this note, we try to estimate how close Venezuela is to a fiscal accident. This is aquestion that has become quite recurrent.Four important comments before we start:1) We are not going to give you the exact date and time of Venezuela’s default (unlike thosepreachers who dare to predict the end of the world on a specific date). The best we can hope for is togive a rough idea about how bad things will get over time if policy is not adjusted and key macroindicators continue to deteriorate at the pace of recent years. This could still provide someparameters about timing that many, especially those carrying CDS or jump-to-default positions tiedto specific dates, can find useful.2) The 'bills' we are referring to in this note’s title exclude those that may be issued by judges ininternational courts in compensation for the unpaid nationalization/expropriation of variouscompanies or oil projects. We mention this because, depending on upcoming rulings, we might beleaving out ‘bills’ amounting to tens of billions of dollars.3) We just discuss ability to pay here. If the government wakes up one morning reneging on its debtbecause they find it to be a good reason to retaliate against the US for recently imposed sanctionsagainst PDVSA, or the social situation becomes untenable and there is a need to deflect attentionblaming greedy creditors for the country’s ills, or an international court decides to freeze keyVenezuelan assets, or any other ‘exogenous’ shock of this nature, that will not be incorporated inour analysis.4) This is more of a disclaimer than a comment. The exercise involves the projection of many‘known unknowns’: price of oil, volume of exports, GDP growth, the real exchange rate, size andstructure of the new issues, etc. Needless to say, nobody has the faintest idea where many of thesewill be in a month from now, let alone in a few years. As such, we feel the need to acknowledgethere is a degree of a shooting-in-the-air component in the exercise we are carrying out.How bad?Let’s now talk about how good or bad the starting point of our simulation in 2010 is. In Chart 1, youcan see how external public sector debt levels1 have ballooned over the past five years in dollarterms (rather hard currency). PDVSA explained the bulk of this growth. Sovereign debt levelshaven’t really gone up as much (they are actually lower as a share of GDP). This is part of thereason why a) Venezuela’s official government debt-to-GDP ratios you see in the country’s macrodata is quite low (Chart 2), even by investment grade standards and b) PDVSA’s debt trades withsuch a large discount to the sovereign along the entire dollar curve.1 We take the external public sector debt as the sum of the total outstanding hard currency debt of the government and PDVSA. For simplicity, weignore the external debt of other public sector entities.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 3Chart 1: Public external debt (US$ billion) Chart 2: Public external debt (% of GDP)10203040506070801997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Gov ernmentGov ernment + PDVSA05101520253035401997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010PDVSAGov ernmentSource: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBS Source: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBSDollar GDP may be overestimated to the extent that the exchange rate is, in our view, grotesquelyovervalued. This and other factors have resulted in lower debt to GDP ratios than perhaps we shouldbe observing (for more, see ‘How high is Venezuela’s public debt ratio?’ September 8, 2010).2 Toremove the impact of an ‘inflated’ dollar GDP, we compute external public debt ratios as percent oftotal exports. We find they don’t look bad in historical terms, either (Chart 3). We are much closer tothe lows observed right when debt levels started to balloon in 2006 than the highs when oil priceswere hovering at around US$10/bbl more than 10 years ago.Chart 3: Public external debt (% of oil exports) 1/ Chart 4: Public external debt (% of foreign reserves)0501001502002503001997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010PDVSAGov ernment0501001502002503001997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010PDVSAGov ernment1/ Excludes debt of other public companies and China loanSource: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBSSource: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBSWe find a less rosy picture if we compute external public sector debt relative to foreign reserves. Thisshould not be a surprise for those following Venezuela closely enough. The Central Bank has set anoptimum reserve level (which really doesn’t change much irrespective of whether oil prices are atUS$40/bbl or US$140 bbl) and transfers the excess over this optimum level to government off-budgetaccounts on a regular basis. That explains why foreign reserves in Venezuela have remained stabledespite large current account surplus and strict exchange controls.Things don’t look as bad as one might think when we look at specific fiscal flows in historical terms,either. External interest payments are rising in dollar terms at a rapid pace, but relative to oil exports,believe it or not, remain close to an historic low. A similar argument applies when we compare theseobligations against Central Government revenues (Chart 5). Even relative to its foreign reserves, wehave some ways to go before we approach the highs reached about a decade ago (Chart 6).2 The government carried out a large devaluation that took effect in early 2011. This will result in a discrete jump in debt to GDP ratios of around 5ppts that we incorporate in our simulation.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 4Chart 5: Public sector external interest payments Chart 6: Public sector external interest payment (% ofreserves)0.02.04.06.08.010.012.014.016.018.01997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010% of Central Gov t rev enues % of oil ex ports0246810121416181997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Source: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBS Source: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBSThe debt amortization profile for both the government and PDVSA is as light as it can be for the next5 years. We are looking at less than US$5 billion of debt amortization, spiking in 2017 as a result of alarge PDVSA bond that comes due (Chart 7). As for foreign debt payments, obligations amount to lessthan US$4 billion. Put both combined and Venezuela’s external debt obligations amount to less thanUS$10 billion per year against much higher Central Government oil revenues (in 2010, they amountedto nearly US$21 billion and more if you add revenues flowing into off-budget government accounts).Chart 7: Foreign debt amortization profile (US$ mill) Chart 8: Foreign debt interest payment (US$ million)0.05,000.010,000.015,000.020,000.025,000.030,000.02011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 >2019PDVSAGovernment01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,0002011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 >2022PDVSAGov ernmentSource: Haver, Reuters, Sintesis Financiera and UBS Source: Haver, Reuters, Sintesis Financiera and UBSThis quick overview shows that though the increase in public sector dollar debt has beenphenomenal, when we measure the level and the cost to service against dollar receivables and assets,it is not as bad as it was not long ago. If you want to see how many of these ratios stuck up duringthe Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s, we put together in the Appendix a set of charts with keyindicators from the World Bank Debt Tables going as far back as 1980. These numbers show thatthere is a long way to go for Venezuela to approach the levels in the 1980s. Looking at those charts,it does suggest that Venezuela’s solvency indicators might be closer to Norway’s than Greece’s. Inany event, all the evidence is pretty conclusive that default is not around the corner, not even a fewblocks away.How cheap?We’ll diverge a bit here. It just occurred to ask ourselves how Venezuela traded 10-15 years agoduring those low oil price days, and all key macro metrics look a lot worse than they do today. Wethought you might be interested in the answer. It’s in Chart 9, which shows that Venezuela trades alot wider today against the market.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 5Chart 9: Venezuela EMBI+ spread – EMBI+ spread Chart 10: Public sector external debt and interest /barrel of oil exports per year-400-20002004006008001000120014001/11/19991/11/20001/11/20011/11/20021/11/20031/11/20041/11/20051/11/20061/11/20071/11/20081/11/20091/11/20101/11/2011203040506070801997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20101.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.5Public sector ex ternal debt / barrels ex ported (LHS)Public sector ex ternal interest payment / barrels ex ported (RHS)Source: Datastream Source: Haver, Sintesis Financiera and UBSSo far, creditworthiness doesn’t look awfully bad, while spreads look awfully wide. It sounds likeVenezuela is way too cheap. Maybe so, but let’s not forget that a lot of things are not reflected inmacro metrics, from potential large liabilities in the event of unfavourable rulings in internationalcourts to an accumulation of policy inconsistencies, especially as far as the FX regime is concerned,which threaten to dig the country deeper into a hole.Moreover, it’s the macro trends more than the macro snapshot that we are all most worried about. Thecombination of ballooning debt stocks and declining oil barrels available for exports at a pretty steeprate (either because production keeps going down, domestic consumption rises or new barrel of oilsare committed to pay loans) leads to an explosive fiscal cocktail. To quantify, if the public sectorcontinues to issue US$8 billion debt on a net basis at a say 9% coupon, the interest bill increases byUS$720 million per year. This is equivalent to 20,000 barrels of exports per day, or nearly 1% of thetotal. And with oil export volumes heading south and oil prices stable, the number of barrels needed toservice the interest bill would increases at a faster rate over time. If we just look at oil fiscal revenues,the number of barrels that would have to be committed is even higher. The story can’t end happilyunless policy is changed radically or oil prices go ever higher.This brings us to the truly scary chart. In Chart 10, we show the ratio of public sector external debtand interest / barrel of oil exports per year. They are at the highest levels ever, with a particularly steepincrease over the past four years. This makes the obvious point of how vulnerable the Venezuelanstory is becoming to oil prices. Ever higher (permanent) dollar liabilities are being financed with asource of revenue that is inherently volatile but, in the steady state, heads south given the continueddecline in oil volume exports (see Chart 13).The second nontrivial issue is that as the government continues to issue dollar debt, the real exchangerate loses power as an adjustment mechanism. Given large dollar revenues, the government isstructurally long, way long, dollars and therefore, a devaluation does wonders to the fiscal accounts.This, by the way, has been Venezuela’s traditional way to adjust fiscally. But there is a high enoughlevel of dollar debt (and/or low oil output) in which a devaluation impacts the fiscal negatively. Thegood news is that we are far from that point, but the bad news is that we are approaching it at a rapidclip.Venezuela’s reasonably strong but deteriorating macro indicators are nicely captured by the EM riskindices that UBS EM Chief Economist Jonathan Anderson computes for this universe of countriesevery year. His index includes a set of broad economic indicators that reaches beyond the fiscal, but itcan still provide a good representation of what we are discussing here. In Chart 11, you can seeVenezuela standing in the ranking slightly better than the median. This is not bad, especially if wecompare it against a ranking with the same countries showing their bonds or CDS spreads or theircorresponding credit ratings. But it is pretty bad once we bring Venezuela’s absolute and relativeLatin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 6position in the 2008 rankings. Indeed, Venezuela was one of the countries with the largestdeterioration between these two years.Chart 11: EM total risk score (2010) Chart 12: EM total risk score (2008)3.3012345678910ChinaTaiwanSingaporeIndonesiaThailandPhilippinesPeruHong KongEgyptMexicoRussiaSaudiArgentinaNigeriaChileMalaysiaIsraelKuwaitColombiaVenezuelaIndiaS AfricaPakistanOmanTanzaniaBrazilMoroccoSri LankaKazakhstanKoreaTurkeyQatarCzechCroatiaUAESerbiaSlovakPolandRomaniaBulgariaUkraineSloveniaEstoniaVietnamHungaryLithuaniaLatviaTotal risk score, 2010Low risk High risk2.8012345678910ChinaHong KongSingaporeTaiwanMalaysiaNigeriaMexicoEgyptOmanVenezuelaThailandKuwaitPhilippinesPeruArgentinaIndonesiaRussiaSaudiQatarTanzaniaColombiaIndiaBrazilChileMoroccoIsraelTurkeyCzechS AfricaPakistanSerbiaKoreaPolandSlovakCroatiaUAEKazakhstanSri LankaRomaniaVietnamUkraineSloveniaBulgariaHungaryLithuaniaEstoniaLatviaTotal risk score, 2008Low risk High riskSource UBS Source: UBSSumming up so far. Despite nasty headlines and wide spreads, the macro snapshot doesn’t look bad atall. Venezuela has no solvency issue we really need to worry about at the moment, but given currenttrends we will have to start worrying at some point in the future.How soon?OK, default is not around the corner, but if not now, then when? This question brings us to thesimulation exercise. The intention is to assess at which point the deterioration starts to reach levelswhere ability to pay becomes a more serious concern. We will do so by projecting key vulnerabilityindicators. The exercise could be particularly complex given the many variables involved. We willsimplify it by making assumptions (sorry, we are economists), letting the last few years dictate thefuture for us.We will also use the premise that if the financial shoe begins to hurt, it won’t be because of inability torollover large amortization but because the growing dollar interest bill will take up a high enoughshare of government revenues. As shown earlier, the debt amortization profile is quite light (again,excluding potentially large contingent liabilities) and it’ll take a lot of short dated issuance beforerollover becomes a serious threat (and judging by recent issuance and debt swap, we suspect thegovernment is not inclined to pile up near-term amortization). On the other hand, dollar interestpayments are at more than US$3 billion per year and rising quickly, representing more than theupcoming foreign debt amortizations for the next few years. These interest payments are permanentspending that can’t be inflated away via a devaluation, as it is done with the VEF-denominated debt.You may have noticed already we give less relevance to bolivar-denominated debt. In our opinion, itdoesn’t constitute a source of major risk at the moment, as it can always be paid by printing bolivares.There are really no major institutional constraints on the way of monetary financing of the debt. TheVenezuelan Central Bank has become a government entity and monetary decisions are subordinated tothe meet the needs of the executive. In some ways, it is already happening from the moment foreignreserves are being transferred to the government’s account in discretionary ways (money is fungible,as they say). We will still incorporate them in the simulation charts but for illustration purposes only.By focusing primarily on dollar flows and dollar interest payments based on recent trends, we greatlyreduce the scope of the simulation and the discretion we would need to apply setting up ourassumption. Now, for example, we are not required to decide arbitrarily maturities of new issues or aspecific fiscal performance (which is already implicit in the size of the debt issues). The real exchangerate still plays an important but a more limited role in that it doesn’t alter the ratio of dollar receivablesdue to oil revenues vs dollar payables determined due to debt obligations. But a devaluation, of course,Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 7is still important because it improves the fiscal accounts and reduces the need to issue new dollar debt.In our exercise, we assume constant real exchange rates at current levels.Having said all this, let’s list our key assumptions:.. US$8 billion debt of net issuance between the government and PDVSA (we’ll treat them as onlyone issuer) per year. This is the average of the last 4 years. Given how 2011 is evolving, this maybe a reasonable, if not a conservative estimate.3 We assume a constant 9% coupon rate for all theseissues... Oil exports decline at 3.5% in volume terms. This is the average for the last five years (Chart 13).This implicitly assumes that the Orinoco oil projects don’t get off the ground (actually, off thebasin). We derive oil export volumes from balance of payment data and assume that all oil exportsare cash transactions at market prices (even those carried out with friendly nations at below marketlevels)... The average oil price for the Venezuelan mix stays constant at current levels (US$100/bbl), whichis roughly what future markets are currently discounting... We tied oil Central Government revenues at 41.4% of exports, about the average of the last fouryears.4 For non-oil Central Government projections, we tied them to an assumed GDP of 17.4%,also the average for the last four years (Chart 14)... Real GDP grows at 2% annually. The real exchange rate remains constant at current levels... Foreign reserves remain constant at US$27 billion, with the Central Bank transferring any excessto government off-budget accounts... We ignore public sector liquid assets believed to be in various accounts and liabilities not showingin official debt statistics, including the large Chinese loans.Chart 13: Barrels of oil exports (mbpd) Chart 14: Government oil revenues (% of total exports)and non-oil Central Government revenues (% of GDP)2.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.81997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010PDVSA strike0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.01997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Oil CG rev enues (% total oil ex ports)Non-oil cg rev enues (% of GDP)Source: BCV and UBS Source: Haver and UBSLet’s now present simulation of key vulnerability indicators. There is no specific threshold level atwhich indicator x or y will tell us a government is in trouble. But there are ranges we can still use torepresent warning signs that things could get ugly. We will present a series of charts for a number of3 Recently, President Chavez requested the National Assembly government debt for this year for US$10.5 billion to help pay an ambitious housingprogram. Questions linger as to how much this will be raised in the international markets.4 With the revision in the windfall tax, this ratio should decrease at high oil prices as more money is transferred from PDVSA to Fonden bypassingthe Central Government.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 8them, with historical references for countries that experienced default or near default situations. Wewill let each of these charts do the explaining for us.Chart 15: Foreign public sector interest payment(% of Central Government revenues)Chart 16: Total public sector interest payment (% ofgovernment revenues0.02.04.06.08.010.012.014.016.01997199920012003200520072009201120132015201720192021Actual external interestSimulated (external interest)Simulated (total interest)0510152025303540Argentina(2001)Uruguay(2002)Greece(2010)Brazil(2001)DominicanR. (2003)Ecuador(1999)Mex ico1994Russia(1998)Source: Haver, BCV, UBS Source: IMF, Haver, Global Source and DomRep Central BankChart 17: Public sector interest payment (% ofreserves)Chart 18: Total interest payment (% of reserves)0.05.010.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.01997199920012003200520072009201120132015201720192021Actual external interestSimulated (external interest)Simulated (total interest)020406080100120140160Argentina(2001)Uruguay(2002)Brazil(2001)DominicanR. (2003)Ecuador(1999)Mex ico1994Russia(1998)Source: Haver, BCV, UBS Source: IMF, Haver, Global Source and DomRep Central BankChart 19: Public sector interest payment (% ofGDP)Chart 20: Total public sector interest payment (% ofGDP)0.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.504.001997199920012003200520072009201120132015201720192021Actual external interestSimulated (external interest)Simulated (total interest)012345678Argentina(2001)Uruguay(2002)Greece(2010)Brazil(2001)DominicanR. (2003)Ecuador(1999)Mex ico1994Russia(1998)Source: Haver, BCV, UBS Source: IMF, Haver, Global Source and DomRep Central BankLatin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 9Chart 21: Public debt (% of GDP) Chart 22: Total public debt (% of GDP)0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.001997199920012003200520072009201120132015201720192021Actual ex ternal debtSimulated (ex ternal debt)Simulated (total debt)020406080100120140160Argentina(2001)Uruguay(2002)Greece(2010)Brazil(2001)DominicanR. (2003)Ecuador(1999)Mex ico1994Russia(1998)Source: Haver, BCV, UBS Source: IMF, Haver, Global Source and DomRep Central BankChart 23: External public debt (% of exports) Chart 24: External public debt (% of exports)0.050.0100.0150.0200.0250.0300.0350.01997199920012003200520072009201120132015201720192021Actual ex ternal debtSimulated (ex ternal debt)Simulated (total debt)050100150200250300350400450500Argentina(2001)Uruguay(2002)Greece(2010)Brazil(2001)DominicanR. (2003)Ecuador(1999)Mex ico1994Russia(1998)1332Source: Haver, BCV, UBS Source: IMF, Haver, Global Source and DomRep Central BankAssuming status quo, key ratios start moving into a more dangerous zone in five years.5 This would beright before the amortization spike in 2017. And as more time goes by, we also start to encounterexisting amortization and the new amortization humps coming from the new issues we are notincorporating in the exercise. Needless to say, this five year horizon is susceptible to assumptions. Ifwe have materially different oil prices, real exchange rate weakens, oil export volumes, then we wouldbe looking at different horizons.Don’t take this to mean that we are calling for a default in 2016. Even then, we think Venezuela canmuddle through financially but not without introducing more politically costly tightening measures.It’s here where we are faced with another key assumption: what’s the willingness (and/) or ability ofthe executive to instil pain to society? Logic suggests that populist administrations such as Chavez’swould have limited appetite to impose tightening measures to generate savings to pay foreigninvestors, especially considering that Venezuelans have already been suffering from pretty severestagflation problems with shortages of key goods and services (and dollars). Going to the IMF to seekfinancial help is also a non-starter. But so far, Chavez hasn’t knocked on investors’ door either, evenunder the worse conditions we reflected in the charts above. We suspect that when push comes toshove, he will subordinate policy to meeting debt payments as he did in the past. But we admit, wecan’t really say this with a high degree of conviction.5 For our simulations, we incorporate the VEF-denominated government debt and interest bill to be able to compare with the experiences of othercountries that face default or near default events. We keep the former and the latter constant throughout our forecast horizon at 8.5% and 0.8% ofGDP, respectively. They are both roughly the average of the last 4 years.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 10ConclusionsInvestors have always scratched their heads trying to figure out Venezuela. Reconciling highvaluations with strong ability to pay has been, for as long as we can remember, the center ofdiscussion around this credit.However, something distinctively different has been taking place in recent years: the public sector hasstarted to issue dollar debt as if there is no tomorrow. Much of this rapid growth owes to balance ofpayment rather than fiscal issues. Authorities have tried to sustain an unsustainable FX regime, even atthe expense of severely undermining the country’s creditworthiness and dislocating the governmentand PDVSA’s dollar curves. In the end, dollar bonds are issued to finance capital flight ofVenezuelans who, given VEF’s appreciated rate(s), only feel compelled to buy dollars, creating a onewayflow in their domestic FX market. The great irony is that this problem can be fixed overnight,literally, by letting the exchange rate flow. This is unlikely to happen.We really don’t see any policy breakthroughs that could put the country on a more sustainable pathany time soon. News in the months to come is unlikely to get any better. It may actually get worseconsidering a number of looming developments: more bond supply, expensing rulings in internationalcourts, escalation of US sanctions against PDVSA or the government, more nationalizations, etc.All this said, we think it’s a mistake for investors to throw in the towel on Venezuela, as many mightalready have done. Given current conditions, the country’s default risks are rather low, and thereforeequally low are the risks that spreads will spiral out of control, in our view. The government is likelyto find enough buyers for new issues in the primary markets for an extended period of time and, evenif it didn’t, it should have sufficiently large space to muddle through financially for quite a while. Wethink the market is already pricing in quite negative scenarios for Venezuela. For example, 1yr, 2yrand 3yr PDVSA CDS spreads discount default probability of 14%, 25% and 42% over thecorresponding period, respectively. Considering the country’s still solid cash flow and balance sheetposition, we think this is excessive.Javier KuleszStamfordLatin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 11Appendix: Long-Term ChartsChart 25: External Debt/Exports of Goods, Servicesand Income (%)Chart 26: External Debt Stocks/Gross NationalIncome (%)0501001502002503003501980198219841986198819901992199419961998200020022004200620080102030405060708090198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008Source: World Bank Debt Tables Source: World Bank Debt TablesChart 27: Debt Service/Exports of Goods & Services(%)Chart 28: Interest Payments in ExternalDebt/Exports of Goods, Svcs, Income (%)05101520253035404550198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008051015202530198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008Source: World Bank Debt Tables Source: World Bank Debt TablesChart 29: Interest Payments on External Debt/GrossNational Income (%)Chart 30: Reserves/Total Debt (%)01234567891980198219841986198819901992199419961998200020022004200620080102030405060708090100198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008Source: World Bank Debt Tables Source: World Bank Debt TablesChart 31: Reserves/Imports of Goods and Services(months)Chart 32: Short-Term Debt/External Debt (%)02468101214161980198219841986198819901992199419961998200020022004200620080102030405060198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008Source: World Bank Debt Tables Source: World Bank Debt TablesLatin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 12.. Analyst CertificationEach research analyst primarily responsible for the content of this researchreport, in whole or in part, certifies that with respect to each security or issuerthat the analyst covered in this report: (1) all of the views expressed accuratelyreflect his or her personal views about those securities or issuers and wereprepared in an independent manner, including with respect to UBS, and (2) nopart of his or her compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, relatedto the specific recommendations or views expressed by that research analyst inthe research report.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 13Required DisclosuresThis report has been prepared by UBS Securities LLC, an affiliate of UBS AG. UBS AG, its subsidiaries, branches andaffiliates are referred to herein as UBS.For information on the ways in which UBS manages conflicts and maintains independence of its research product;historical performance information; and certain additional disclosures concerning UBS research recommendations,please visit www.ubs.com/disclosures. The figures contained in performance charts refer to the past; past performance isnot a reliable indicator of future results. Additional information will be made available upon request. UBS Securities Co.Limited is licensed to conduct securities investment consultancy businesses by the China Securities RegulatoryCommission.UBS Global Credit Strategy and Research: Recommendation DefinitionsUBS employs a recommendation scheme designed to rank potential investment opportunities within non-government fixedincome markets and sectors.TimeHorizonUBSTerminology Expectation DefinitionSector recommendations 3 months OVERWEIGHT outperformMARKET WEIGHT perform in lineUNDERWEIGHT underperformSector is anticipated to other sectorsin the local currency investment universe* over athree-month horizonCompany creditfundamentals6 months IMPROVING improveSTABLE remain stableDETERIORATING deteriorateCredit fundamentals of the company are anticipatedto over the next six monthsCompany / bond 3 months BUY outperformHOLD perform in lineSELL underperformCompany/Bond is anticipated to othercompanies/bonds within a given peer group in thelocal currency investment universe* over a threemonthhorizonCredit Default Swaps 3 months BUY protection widen by 5 bps ormoreNEUTRALprotectionneither widen nortighten by more than 5bpsSELL protection tighten by 5 bps ormoreCDS level anticipated to All recommendation types N/A Under Review N/A The recommendation is under review and a newrecommendation may be published within the next18 daysNote: Recommendations for periods under 3 months are defined as 'Tactical', as in Tactical Buy or Tactical Sell.* Europe - iBoxx NonSovereign € and NonGilt £ universe measured on a curve-adjusted, excess return basisFor UBS Ratings please refer to the Recommendations Definitions table on www.ubs.com/disclosures.Source: UBSLatin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 14Company DisclosuresIssuer NameArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaDominican RepublicEcuadorPetroleos de VenezuelaVenezuelaSource: UBS; as of 07 Jun 2011.Latin American Economic Focus 7 June 2011UBS 15Global DisclaimerThis report has been prepared by UBS Securities LLC, an affiliate of UBS AG. UBS AG, its subsidiaries, branches and affiliates are referred to herein as UBS. In certain countries, UBS AG isreferred to as UBS SA.This report is for distribution only under such circumstances as may be permitted by applicable law. Nothing in this report constitutes a representation that any investment strategy orrecommendation contained herein is suitable or appropriate to a recipient’s individual circumstances or otherwise constitutes a personal recommendation. It is published solely for informationpurposes, it does not constitute an advertisement and is not to be construed as a solicitation or an offer to buy or sell any securities or related financial instruments in any jurisdiction. Norepresentation or warranty, either express or implied, is provided in relation to the accuracy, completeness or reliability of the information contained herein, except with respect to informationconcerning UBS AG, its subsidiaries and affiliates, nor is it intended to be a complete statement or summary of the securities, markets or developments referred to in the report. UBS does notundertake that investors will obtain profits, nor will it share with investors any investment profits nor accept any liability for any investment losses. Investments involve risks and investors shouldexercise prudence in making their investment decisions. The report should not be regarded by recipients as a substitute for the exercise of their own judgement. Past performance is notnecessarily a guide to future performance. The value of any investment or income may go down as well as up and you may not get back the full amount invested. Any opinions expressed in thisreport are subject to change without notice and may differ or be contrary to opinions expressed by other business areas or groups of UBS as a result of using different assumptions and criteria.Research will initiate, update and cease coverage solely at the discretion of UBS Investment Bank Research Management. The analysis contained herein is based on numerous assumptions.Different assumptions could result in materially different results. The analyst(s) responsible for the preparation of this report may interact with trading desk personnel, sales personnel and otherconstituencies for the purpose of gathering, synthesizing and interpreting market information. UBS is under no obligation to update or keep current the information contained herein. UBS relieson information barriers to control the flow of information contained in one or more areas within UBS, into other areas, units, groups or affiliates of UBS. The compensation of the analyst whoprepared this report is determined exclusively by research management and senior management (not including investment banking). Analyst compensation is not based on investment bankingrevenues, however, compensation may relate to the revenues of UBS Investment Bank as a whole, of which investment banking, sales and trading are a part.The securities described herein may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions or to certain categories of investors. Options, derivative products and futures are not suitable for all investors, andtrading in these instruments is considered risky. Mortgage and asset-backed securities may involve a high degree of risk and may be highly volatile in response to fluctuations in interest ratesand other market conditions. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. Foreign currency rates of exchange may adversely affect the value, price or income of any securityor related instrument mentioned in this report. For investment advice, trade execution or other enquiries, clients should contact their local sales representative. Neither UBS nor any of itsaffiliates, nor any of UBS' or any of its affiliates, directors, employees or agents accepts any liability for any loss or damage arising out of the use of all or any part of this report. For financialinstruments admitted to trading on an EU regulated market: UBS AG, its affiliates or subsidiaries (excluding UBS Securities LLC and/or UBS Capital Markets LP) acts as a market maker orliquidity provider (in accordance with the interpretation of these terms in the UK) in the financial instruments of the issuer save that where the activity of liquidity provider is carried out inaccordance with the definition given to it by the laws and regulations of any other EU jurisdictions, such information is separately disclosed in this research report. UBS and its affiliates andemployees may have long or short positions, trade as principal and buy and sell in instruments or derivatives identified herein.Any prices stated in this report are for information purposes only and do not represent valuations for individual securities or other instruments. There is no representation that any transactioncan or could have been effected at those prices and any prices do not necessarily reflect UBS's internal books and records or theoretical model-based valuations and may be based on certainassumptions. Different assumptions, by UBS or any other source, may yield substantially different results.United Kingdom and the rest of Europe: Except as otherwise specified herein, this material is communicated by UBS Limited, a subsidiary of UBS AG, to persons who are eligiblecounterparties or professional clients and is only available to such persons. The information contained herein does not apply to, and should not be relied upon by, retail clients. UBS Limited isauthorised and regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSA). UBS research complies with all the FSA requirements and laws concerning disclosures and these are indicated on theresearch where applicable. France: Prepared by UBS Limited and distributed by UBS Limited and UBS Securities France SA. UBS Securities France S.A. is regulated by the Autorité desMarchés Financiers (AMF). Where an analyst of UBS Securities France S.A. has contributed to this report, the report is also deemed to have been prepared by UBS Securities France S.A.Germany: Prepared by UBS Limited and distributed by UBS Limited and UBS Deutschland AG. UBS Deutschland AG is regulated by the Bundesanstalt fur Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht(BaFin). Spain: Prepared by UBS Limited and distributed by UBS Limited and UBS Securities España SV, SA. UBS Securities España SV, SA is regulated by the Comisión Nacional delMercado de Valores (CNMV). Turkey: Prepared by UBS Menkul Degerler AS on behalf of and distributed by UBS Limited. Russia: Prepared and distributed by UBS Securities CJSC.Switzerland: Distributed by UBS AG to persons who are institutional investors only. Italy: Prepared by UBS Limited and distributed by UBS Limited and UBS Italia Sim S.p.A.. UBS Italia SimS.p.A. is regulated by the Bank of Italy and by the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (CONSOB). Where an analyst of UBS Italia Sim S.p.A. has contributed to this report, thereport is also deemed to have been prepared by UBS Italia Sim S.p.A.. South Africa: UBS South Africa (Pty) Limited (Registration No. 1995/011140/07) is a member of the JSE Limited, theSouth African Futures Exchange and the Bond Exchange of South Africa. UBS South Africa (Pty) Limited is an authorised Financial Services Provider. Details of its postal and physical addressand a list of its directors are available on request or may be accessed at http:www.ubs.co.za. United States: Distributed to US persons by either UBS Securities LLC or by UBS FinancialServices Inc., subsidiaries of UBS AG; or by a group, subsidiary or affiliate of UBS AG that is not registered as a US broker-dealer (a 'non-US affiliate'), to major US institutional investors only.UBS Securities LLC or UBS Financial Services Inc. accepts responsibility for the content of a report prepared by another non-US affiliate when distributed to US persons by UBS Securities LLCor UBS Financial Services Inc. All transactions by a US person in the securities mentioned in this report must be effected through UBS Securities LLC or UBS Financial Services Inc., and notthrough a non-US affiliate. Canada: Distributed by UBS Securities Canada Inc., a subsidiary of UBS AG and a member of the principal Canadian stock exchanges & CIPF. A statement of itsfinancial condition and a list of its directors and senior officers will be provided upon request. Hong Kong: Distributed by UBS Securities Asia Limited. Singapore: Distributed by UBS SecuritiesPte. Ltd [mica (p) 039/11/2009 and Co. Reg. No.: 198500648C] or UBS AG, Singapore Branch. Please contact UBS Securities Pte Ltd, an exempt financial advisor under the SingaporeFinancial Advisers Act (Cap. 110); or UBS AG Singapore branch, an exempt financial adviser under the Singapore Financial Advisers Act (Cap. 110) and a wholesale bank licensed under theSingapore Banking Act (Cap. 19) regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, in respect of any matters arising from, or in connection with, the analysis or report. The recipient of thisreport represent and warrant that they are accredited and institutional investors as defined in the Securities and Futures Act (Cap. 289). Japan: Distributed by UBS Securities Japan Ltd toinstitutional investors only. Where this report has been prepared by UBS Securities Japan Ltd, UBS Securities Japan Ltd is the author, publisher and distributor of the report. Australia:Distributed by UBS AG (Holder of Australian Financial Services License No. 231087) and UBS Securities Australia Ltd (Holder of Australian Financial Services License No. 231098) only to'Wholesale' clients as defined by s761G of the Corporations Act 2001. New Zealand: Distributed by UBS New Zealand Ltd. An investment adviser and investment broker disclosure statementis available on request and free of charge by writing to PO Box 45, Auckland, NZ. Dubai: The research prepared and distributed by UBS AG Dubai Branch, is intended for Professional Clientsonly and is not for further distribution within the United Arab Emirates. Korea: Distributed in Korea by UBS Securities Pte. Ltd., Seoul Branch. This report may have been edited or contributedto from time to time by affiliates of UBS Securities Pte. Ltd., Seoul Branch. Malaysia: This material is authorized to be distributed in Malaysia by UBS Securities Malaysia Sdn. Bhd (253825-x).India : Prepared by UBS Securities India Private Ltd. 2/F,2 North Avenue, Maker Maxity, Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (East), Mumbai (India) 400051. Phone: +912261556000 SEBIRegistration Numbers: NSE (Capital Market Segment): INB230951431 , NSE (F&O Segment) INF230951431, BSE (Capital Market Segment) INB010951437.The disclosures contained in research reports produced by UBS Limited shall be governed by and construed in accordance with English law.UBS specifically prohibits the redistribution of this material in whole or in part without the written permission of UBS and UBS accepts no liability whatsoever for the actions of third parties in thisrespect. Images may depict objects or elements which are protected by third party copyright, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. © UBS 2011. The key symbol and UBS areamong the registered and unregistered trademarks of UBS. All rights reserved.ab.

martes, 7 de junio de 2011

LOS PENDEJOS POR MONTONES.....

Y MAS AUN, COMO LOS CAPTAHUELLAS ESTAN CONECTADOS A LAS MAQUINAS DE VOTACION, CUANDO LOS PENDEJOS VOTEN ASI COMO LOS EMPLEADOS PUBLICOS, LES SALDRA EL VOTO AUTOMATICO POR CHAVEZ Y SE TENDRAN QUE QUEDAR COMO PENDEJOS SIN DECIR NADA. ME GUSTARIA QUE ALGUIEN DE LA OPOSICION ME DIGA QUE ESTO NO SERA ASI, QUE ESTAN SEGUROS DE QUE NO SERAN PENDEJOS DE NUEVO EL DIA DE LA VOTACION. HAY QUE DESCONECTAR ESAS CAPTAHUELLAS DE LAS MAQUINAS DE VOTACION SINO VAMOS A SER PENDEJOS TODOS....
NESTOR G RAMIREZ\



---------- Mensaje reenviado ----------Fecha: 7 de junio de 2011 13:06Asunto: Fwd: PUBLICADO EN LA RAZÓNPara: aaaa@aaaa.com

Buena esta de Jesús Petit Da Costa de Coro.Luis


La Nueva Democracia (50-C)El Censo General de PendejosJesús Antonio Petit Da Costa Lo está haciendo El Tirano dividiéndolos en tres categorías: los pendejos principiantes, a los cuales da el carnet de pendejo cuando se inscriben en la Gran Misión Vivienda; los rependejos, a los que les dice que son dueños cuando en verdad son arrimados en casa ajena; y los super o requetependejos, a los que otorga un título de propiedad sobre un cuarto en una casa de muñecas que llama maqueta. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- La única iniciativa loable de El Tirano en sus doce años ha sido levantar el Censo General de Pendejos de Venezuela. Se sabía que los había. Se sabía que eran más de lo que suponíamos. Pero nunca nadie se había atrevido a censarlos. Debió venir El Tirano para que por fin supiésemos cuántos pendejos tenemos. Ahora la información podrá incorporarse al Censo General de Población de 2011, creando el precedente para hacer la proyección y así conocer el índice anual de pendejos. Y con este índice determinar en el futuro, cuando tengamos una nueva democracia, el riesgo de perderla: a mayor número de pendejos, mayor riesgo; a menor número de pendejos, menor riesgo. Y se verá entonces que no son los pobres los baluartes del comunismo, sino los pendejos. Porque es una cosa es ser pobre y otra distinta ser pendejo. El Tirano, como caporal de pendejos que es, los ha puesto a hacer su cola. ¿Y para qué la cola? Para que orgullosamente se registren como pendejos. Llenan su planilla en la cual se declaran como tales. Tamaño orgullo en ser pendejo merece una distinción. El Tirano, solícito siempre, se las da. A cada uno le entrega su carnet de pendejo principiante. Allí dice que tiene derecho a una vivienda el día aquél por la tarde, cuando San Juan agache el dedo. Y termina: al portador de este carnet téngasele como pendejo sin ninguna duda y trátesele como tal. Y lo es, que lo dice El Tirano y él de eso sabe porque es su especialidad andar cazándolos por allí todo el tiempo. Las misiones son partidas de caza de pendejos que ha organizado al estilo de la nobleza europea. Para ello cuenta con su traílla de perros que olfatean a los pendejos como si fueran venados o ciervos. En una categoría superior está el rependejo. Es el pendejo televisado. Se pone su flux y va al teatro, donde El Tirano le dice: aquí tienes el título de propiedad de tu casa con todo adentro. El rependejo vende la que ya tenía y se muda a la que le dio El Tirano. Y como es pendejo no lee el documento. Y como no lo lee se cree dueño, cuando en verdad sólo es un arrimado. Un arrimado que vive de prestado en una casa ajena. Y de quién es la casa? De El Tirano. El Tirano es el dueño. El arrimado no puede arreglar o modificar la casa, y mucho menos venderla, ni alquilarla, ni dejarla en herencia a su mujer y a sus hijos. No puede hacer nada porque la casa no es suya sino de El Tirano. Así queda condenado a ser toda su vida un arrimado por pendejo. Y por serlo no sabe que esto es comunismo. Tú no eres dueño de nada. Tú eres un arrimado nada más.Llega a la máxima categoría el super o requetependejo, el más pendejo de todos los pendejos. A éste El Tirano lo pone a jugar muñecas como un niño. Que lo es por su edad mental. Le muestra una casa de muñecas que llama maqueta. Le dice: ves esta casita tan bonita, ves los cuartitos, ves la cocinita parecida a la de Barbie, ves estos mueblecitos, pues todo esto es tuyo, porque papá te los da, ves este papel, en este papel papá te dice que tú eres dueño de esta casa de muñecas, así que cuando te reúnas con tus amiguitos muéstrales este papel para que vean que tú eres dueño de una casa de muñecas, para que se enteren que papá es bueno porque regala casas de muñecas, y si te preguntan donde está la casa de muñecas le contestas que en el escritorio de papá porque él mismo la guarda para que no la vayan a echar a perder, y si te dicen que ellos también quieren otro papel igual les contestas: vayan donde papá que él está repartiendo papeles de propiedad sobre casas de muñecas a todo el mundo. Pero eso así, niño, no puedes jugar siquiera monopolio con tus amiguitos intercambiando papeles de casa de muñeca. Eso no está permitido. Venezolanos: dejémonos de tonterías. Al pendejo hay que llamarlo pendejo para ver si reacciona. Nada de pobrecito. Nada de conmiseración. Los pendejos son una plaga nacional que debemos combatir. Meta fundamental de la nueva democracia: PENDEJOS-CERO. Para ello un programa masivo de desarrollo de la inteligencia siguiendo el programa de Luis Alberto Machado de fama mundial. http://jesuspetitdacosta.blogspot.com

sábado, 4 de junio de 2011

QUIEN ES EL INDECENTE?

informacion recibida por correo electronico, que deseo compartir con uds. y que me parecio muy apropiada dado el grado de deterioro del pais en materia de corrupcion. tema que es tabu para el gobierno, que se limita a aprobar recursos monetarios pero sin hacerles seguimiento, pues los reales no llegan a su destino o proposito.
espero les distraiga un poco y no se preocupen mucho pues hay males peores. Vean lo que sucede con el sheraton y el melia caribe, mil habitaciones destrosadas y olvidadas por todos. que triste es saber de esto, esto es indolencia y corrupcion.
saludos,
nestor g ramirez


INDECENTE ES QUE EL MISMO VICEPRESIDENTE JAUA DIGA QUE EL ES UN HOMBRE DE HONOR......Y HAN LEIDO SU CURRICULUM? NADA QUE VER CON HONOR.
ES INDECENTE...
Ha manifestado recientemente el Vicepresidente del régimen, Sr. Elías Jaua, que es indecente que mientras la inflación es X%, y tengamos más de 1.000.000 de desempleados, haya gente que no esté de acuerdo en alargar la jubilación a los 70 años. Nos gustaría transmitirles a este "Sr. Vicepresidente" y a todos los secuaces del régimen, sin distingo de credo y raza, lo que nosotros EL PUEBLO HONESTO Y TRABAJADOR consideramos:
INDECENTE, es que el salario mínimo de
un trabajador sea de 1.223,89 BsF/mes y el de un diputado de 23.996 BsF/mes, pudiendo llegar, con dietas y otras prebendas, a 36.500 B/mes.
INDECENTE, es que un profesor, un maestro, un catedrático de universidad o un cirujano de la Sanidad Pública, ganen menos que el
concejal de festejos de una Alcaldía de tercera.
INDECENTE, es que quienes desgobiernan el país se suban sus retribuciones en el porcentaje que les apetezca (siempre por unanimidad, por supuesto, y con la aquiescente conchupancia) .
INDECENTE, es que un ciudadano tenga que cotizar 30 años para percibir una jubilación
y a los diputados les baste sólo con 7, y que los miembros del gobierno, para cobrar la pensión máxima, sólo necesiten jurar el cargo.
INDECENTE,
es colocar en la administración a milesde asesores (léase amigotes con sueldos que ya desearían los técnicos más calificados. ) Y más aún si se hace menester que sean CUBANOS, a expensas de dejar sin trabajo a un VENEZOLANO!!
INDECENTE, es el ingente dinero destinado a sostener al PSUV, aprobado por los mismos políticos que viven de él.
INDECENTE, es que a un político del régimen no se le exija superar una mínima prueba de capacidad para ejercer su cargo. (Ni cultural ni intelectual. ) Por esto estamos llenos de ineptos, indolentes, brutos!!!!
INDECENTE,
es el costo que representa para los ciudadanos sus comidas, carros oficiales, chóferes, viajes (siempre en primera clase) y tarjetas de crédito por doquier.
INDECENTE No es que no se congelen el sueldo sus señorías, sino que no se los bajen. Pura paja o verborragia presidencia !! y la ley de emolumentos, bien gracias.!!!!
INDECENTE, es que sus señorías tengan
6 meses de vacaciones al año.
INDECENTE, es que ministros, secretarios de estado y altos cargosde la política,
cuando cesan, son los únicos ciudadanos de este país que pueden legalmente percibir 2 salarios del ERARIO PÚBLICO.
INDECENTE, es el estado en el cual se encuentra sumido TODO el Sistema de Salud del país.
INDECENTE,
es la sumisa condición a donde fue a parar el liderazgo en el Ejército y en instituciones básicas como la Fiscalía General, la Contraloría General, la Defensoría del Pueblo y el Tribunal Supremo de Justicia.
INDECENTE, resulta el desempleo y sub-empleo tan elevado, disfrazado por las limosnas y “becas” del régimen a quienes les venden sus conciencias.
INDECENTE,
es la compra de más de seis mil millones de dólares en armas a Rusia; cuando lo que esperábamos era que se adquiriesen Plantas Eléctricas que supliesen la falta de gerencia y mantenimiento del mejor sistema eléctrico de Latinoamérica que la incapacidad del régimen desbarató. asi como dedicarlos a la educacion, pedagogia, etc. donde verdaderamente erradicariamos la pobreza.
INDECENTE, es el bestial ataque contra la libertad de expresión, cerrando estaciones de TV y de radio por el simple temor a que la VERDAD sea dicha.
INDECENTE es el voraz endeudamiento nacional, el cuál es ya más del triple del que encontró hace once años.
INDECENTE, resulta la violencia e inseguridad reinante en TODO el territorio nacional. Ya no se habla de “Sucesos” sino de Parte de Guerra. A todos, absolutamente a TODOS los residentes de este país, nos ha tocado el flagelo de esta desgracia (Salvo, por supuesto, a los “Líderes de la Revolución ” quienes son escoltados de manera grotesca)
INDECENTE, todas las toneladas de comida y medicinas que se perdieron por la falta de controles, por la matraqueadera de los altos jefes en comisiones, por el negocio redondo del gobierno y sus jefes ministros al comprar comida con fechas muy cerca de vencer y que seguramente le costo al estado venezolano una miseria ,pero que para sus jerarcas reporto grandes dividendos.Y el que manejaba esto es quien maneja la misison vivienda! que barbaridad.

INDECENTE, como se pelotean la responsabilidad y niegan su conocimiento de todo este escalofriante hecho todas las autoridades involucradas incluyendo el presidente cuando dice "Y cual es el problema si se pudrió toda esa comida" ? mientras miles de venezolanos pobres.. apenas tienen para comer un pedazo de pan.
INDECENTE, el estado de destrucción en que están las principales empresas del estado y que eran las que representaban el futuro de nuestros hijos ,nietos y generaciones futuras de vivir en un país digno y prospero Cuanto tiempo tardara en recuperarse todo el material humano y estructural perdido.
INDECENTE, el estado de deterioro de las carreteras y autopistas del paìs, y de las vìas, calles y avenidas de varios estados del paìs, por no enviarles los recursos porque sus gobernadores y alcaldes no comulgan con las ideas totalitarias, y aùn los estados que comulgan con tales ideas tambièn estàn en franco deterioro

INDECENTE, es regalarle ambulancias y patrullas a Bolivia, mientras que en Venezuela los hospitales no las tienen y los policias se desplazan en colas.
INDECENTE, es regalarle casas y apartamentos equipados a los cubanos, en Venezuela dos millones de familias vivan de manera precaria y en constante peligro por las lluvias.
ÉSTA SÍ DEBERÍA SER UNA DE ESAS CADENAS QUE NO SE DEBE ROMPER, SINO COLOCARLE MAS ESLABONES, PORQUE SÓLO NOSOTROS PODEMOS PONERLE FRENO A ESTO, Y ESTA, SI QUE TRAERÁ AÑOS DE MALA SUERTE SI NO ACTUAMOS YA.

viernes, 3 de junio de 2011

LA CRISIS MORAL QUE VIVIMOS

impunidad, unida a la indolencia, produce la corrupción galopante que tiene al país en mala situación. se nota hasta en gente que se ve decente, la gente maneja salvajemente, se comporta irrespetuosa con todos, no hay mas cortesía, en fin un deterioro general.
ahora el gobierno trae una ley para controlar las ganancias de los negocios, que traerá mas es escases, pues habrá muchos que no se someterán y simplemente cerraran sus fabricas o empresas, y así poco a poco vamos camino a lo que es cuba, por por cierto ahora va en dirección contraria, aparentemente. hay hasta confusión entre la oposicion en cuanto a criterio de algunas cosas, no comprendo por ejemplo porque respaldan a pdvsa contra la decisión de los EEUU sobre Venezuela, cuando Venezuela ha estado colaborando con Iran que es un enemigo de la democracia e instigador de problemas en Iraq, y en todo el mundo, pero especialmente en el medio oriente.
Creo firmemente que ha llegado la hora de hacerle la guerra a la falta de criterios solidos.
lo que no podemos hacer es tirar la toalla, hay que pelear y duro, cada día mas fuerte, mas constante contra estos desmanes.
fijense que ha dicho la MUDa sobre esta nueva ley de control de ganancias, nada! no puede ser! las medidas que toma el gobierno generalmente producen un efecto contrario a lo que se debería lograr, ejemplo, los alquileres, como va alguien querer alquilar su vivienda si se la van a regalar al inquilino, y por otro lado tenemos la misión imposible de la vivienda! pareciera que fuera a propósito, para seguir con la destrucción del país, pues continúan con los recortes al dinero que le corresponde a los estados que tiene la oposicion que son los mas poblados del país, por lo tanto el deterioro en esos estados es mas notorio y cuando el gobierno internviene lo hace solo sin la colaboración de los gobiernos estatales. así no se puede seguir, vamos a un desastre total.
la gota que rebaso el vaso fue el maltrato a la virgen en Lara, la patrona de los venezolanos larenses, y la decapitacion de José gregorio hernandez. que horror, son desalmados apoyados. la gente esta arrecha, pero increíblemente aguantando.....hasta cuando. Aun quedan valores en los venezolanos como para superar la crisis actual, pero estan diseminados hay que unirlos. Necesitamos un lider que nos aglutine pronto.....
saludos,
nestor g ramirez

jueves, 2 de junio de 2011

pensionados de pdvsa. asuntos relacionados.

La siguiente es la opinion de alguien quien estuvo en la composicion de los estatutos del fondo de pensiones de los jubilados de pdvsa, mientras yo era director principal de la jd de pdvsa, este fondo se fundo cuando estabamos en la jd de pdvsa en el 1993, a raiz de los posibles
vaivenes de la economia de venezuela, la inflacion, pensando en mantener el poder de compra del jubilado petrolero en el futuro. como uds sabran la inflacion en venezuela ha sido una montana rusa, en la epoca de caldera llego hasta el 95% en un ano, luego bajo, y ahora esta alrededor del 25 al 30% anual, un porcentaje que es destructivo de toda la poblacion, pues tiende a empobrecernos a todos, como en efecto lo estamos notando. la mayoria de los mas pudientes de los jubilados esta vendiendo su propiedad para comprar algo mas economico pues ya los numeros no nos dan. no podemos seguir cubriendo nuestros gastos, esto agravado con la reduccion en cuanto a seleccion de clinicas para los servicios medicos y la falta de medicinas en los centros de suministro de medicinas que tenemos, nunca tienen todo lo que necesitamos y tenemos que pagar por ellas y luego esperar un tiempo largo para recuperar nuestro dinero.
lo unico que ha mejorado es el seguro funerario, que fue aumentado a 22.500 bsF, pero el resto de los servicios esta en deterioro. el seguro odontologico da ganas de reir. el seguro de vida, es infimo. 5 mil bsF, etc.
espero les sirva de alguna guia el escrito del dr padron amare.
por otro lado la ajip esta actuando seriamente en la defensa de nuestros intereses, y ahora con la salida de eudomario carruyo, habra que esperar que las nuevas autoridades tomen control del asunto nuestro. de nuevo nos toca esperar cuando ya no podemos esperar mas.
soy de la opinion que la ajip deberia ser mas contundente en sus planteamientos a pdvsa y aprovechar esta situacion del fraude para lograr una posicion permanente en la junta administradora del fondo.
el ministro/presidente dijo que los fondos del fraude estan garantizados por pdvsa, ademas la constitucion nos lo garantiza asi, en su articulo 141.
necesitamos tener una lista de puntos pendientes de discusion con pdvsa tales como la distribucion de ganancias no distribuidas de anos anteriores, el trato a los despedidos de pdvsa, mejoramiento del servicio medico actual, aumentar el numero de clinicas aprobadas por pdvsa. pdvsa debe pagar a tiempo pues el CMD La Trinidad ha suspendido el servicio medico en varias ocasiones debido a falta de pago de pdvsa, y es el unico centro grande que disponemos actualmente. no es justo ni posible que la pension de la mayoria de los jubilados de la ipn sea casi igual al del monto de la pension del seguro social. de 1600bsF/mes. el aumento de la TEA fue de un 22% cuando los alimentos subieron 45% el ultimo ano, o sea ahora comeremos menos?
saludos, nestor g ramirez




De: Carlos Padrón <padsal@movistar.net.ve>Fecha: 2 de junio de 2011 10:13
Es evidente de toda evidencia que no es posible ni admisible en Derecho que las ganancias que corresponden a los jubilados sean utilizadas indebidamente para cubrir una acción irregular, por no calificarla apriori como delictual, de la Administración del Fondo de Pensiones y de la Directiva de PDVSA. Igualmente, recordemos que no se han repartido ganancias desde hace por lo menos cinco (5) años, salvo a un segmento de los jubilados. Quienes creamos el Fondo de Pensiones y elaboramos su Documento Constitutivo y Reglamentos de funcionamiento, estamos demasiado claros que:1) Esos recursos son de la propiedad de los jubilados; 2) Las ganancias le corresponden a los jubilados y deben distrubuirse anualmente, tal y como se hizo desde los primeros años de la creación del Fondo hasta aproximadamente el 2005, para tratar de ayudar a los jubilados en el combate contra la inflación. Nunca se pensó que se podría compensar por completo la inflación, pero la distribución de esas ganancias estuvo proyectado para ayudar a paliar al menos en parte la inflación. Lo que ha hecho la Junta Administradora del Fondo y la Directiva de PDVSA es promover la malversación de esas ganancias, en abierta contravención a sus obligaciones Estatutarias y legales. Es preciso planificar debidamente las acciones legales tanto civiles como penales, si hubiere lugar a ello, para subsanar el desastre administrativo en la administración del Fondo de Pensiones. Debemos pensar en contratar a un buen equipo de abogados, con formación interdisciplinaria, para proceder a llevar adelante estas acciones. Al mismo tiempo, debe hacerse todo esto del conocimiento de la Nación Venezolana y promover manifestaciones pacíficas pero contundentes para desenmascarar esta ruinosa administración del Fondo de Pensiones. Saludos, Carlos Eduardo Padrón Amaré.